Cataract Surgery in the UK: What You Need to Know.

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Cataract Surgery in the UK: What You Need to Know.

Cataracts are one of the most common eye conditions affecting people in the UK, particularly those over the age of 65. Fortunately, cataract surgery is a safe and effective procedure that restores vision and improves quality of life for hundreds of thousands of patients every year.

What Are Cataracts?

A cataract is the clouding of the eye’s natural lens, leading to blurry vision, difficulty seeing at night, and increased sensitivity to light. This condition develops gradually and is most often related to ageing, although it can also result from injury, diabetes, or long-term use of certain medications like steroids.

When Is Surgery Needed?

In the early stages, stronger glasses or brighter lighting may help manage symptoms. However, when cataracts begin to interfere with daily life—making it difficult to read, drive, or recognise faces—surgery is usually recommended. The good news is that cataract surgery is one of the most commonly performed procedures in the UK, with high success rates.

How Cataract Surgery Works

Cataract surgery is typically carried out under local anaesthetic and takes about 15–30 minutes. During the procedure, the cloudy lens is removed and replaced with a clear artificial lens called an intraocular lens (IOL).

There are two main types of surgery:

  • Phacoemulsification (Phaco) – The most common method, using ultrasound waves to break up the lens before removal.

  • Manual small-incision cataract surgery (MSICS) – Less commonly used, but still effective, especially in complex cases.

NHS vs. Private Cataract Surgery

NHS Cataract Surgery

  • Free at the point of care

  • Prioritised based on need and impact on daily life

  • Standard monofocal lenses usually offered

  • Waiting times can vary depending on location

Private Cataract Surgery

  • Costs range from £2,000 to £4,000 per eye

  • Shorter waiting times and more flexibility in scheduling

  • Access to premium lenses (e.g. multifocal, toric lenses)

  • Often includes follow-up care and enhanced consultation

Recovery and Results

Most people notice significant improvement in vision within a few days. Full recovery typically takes around 4 to 6 weeks. Patients are advised to avoid strenuous activity, dusty environments, and rubbing the eye during the initial healing period.

Common temporary side effects include:

  • Blurred or fluctuating vision

  • Gritty sensation in the eye

  • Light sensitivity

Serious complications are rare, but it’s important to attend follow-up appointments and contact your surgeon if you experience severe pain, sudden vision loss, or increasing redness.

Is Cataract Surgery Safe?

Yes. Cataract surgery has a very high success rate—more than 95% of patients experience improved vision. Advances in surgical techniques and lens technology continue to improve outcomes. Risks, such as infection or retinal detachment, are very low and can usually be managed with prompt treatment.

Final Thoughts

Cataract surgery is a life-changing procedure that restores vision and independence. Whether you choose to go through the NHS or seek private treatment, understanding your options can help you make informed decisions. If you’re experiencing symptoms of cataracts, speak to your optometrist or GP—they can guide you on the next steps.

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